Introduction to Transound Jet Flow Technology for Petroleum Processing

ENSAT Group has developed and launched manufacturing of unique energy efficient transound jet technology equipment (TJF systems) for petroleum processing and petrochemical enterprises.

Transonic Jet Flow Treatment is based on local complex high-intensity impact on treated agent flow in conjunction with instantaneous (duration of the impact is approximately 10^-4÷10^-6 sec) pressure differential. To create the impact, no powerful and expensive electronic ultrasonic generators and electromagnetic or resonance emitters are used, heat power is not consumed. Within the zone of sharp pressure differential, instantaneous gas emission occurs while the agent moves. Under certain conditions, generation of pressure pulsations of sufficiently high intensity occurs due to hydrodynamic effects. Wide frequency range of oscillations of different physical nature including ultrasonic, electromagnetic, etc. is generated. The pressure pulsations generated within the narrow zone of flow break the flow. In addition, under pressure differential conditions (i.e. when pressure changes from vacuum to some excessive pressure), a pressure jump occurs due to transition of agent movement mode from supersonic to subsonic one. Within the pressure jump effective zone, steam and gas bubbles collapse, and these events are accompanied by powerful mechanical impacts on the agent under treatment. All these processes break micelles of large molecular formations, free gases and light fractions and partially split high molecular hydrocarbons and heteroaromatic compounds.

ADVANTAGES OF TJT EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES

Advantages of TJF equipment over conventional plants are as follows:

• low power capacity – 4 kW per hour while treating 1 ton of oil and 5 kW per hour while treating 1 ton of residual fuel /mazut (i.e. about  $0.15 per 1 ton of product),
• small dimensions – equipment occupies area of 2 to 8 m² (or space of 5 to 12 m³) depending on its modification,
• technological processes duration is reduced by 2-3 times when TJF equipment is used,
• the equipment does not include vessels (reactors) that operate at high temperatures (over 100⁰C) and extremely high pressures (over 120 kgf/cm²),
• expensive catalysts are not necessary,
• the new method of treating oil and oil-products is ecologically pure and explosion- and fire-proof.

APPLICATION AREAS FOR TJT EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES

TJF technologies as well as complexes of TJF-N series can be applied to enhance efficiency of the following technological processes used in oil refining and petrochemical industry:

1. Enhancing light fraction (diesel fuel, gasoline, etc.) yield potential while oil refining (i.e. preliminary preparation of crude oil before fractioning it with TJF complexes)
   After treating oil with TJF-N complexes, light fraction yield after refining increases by 4-12% (depending on crude grade).
   
   
2. Reduction of viscosity and sulfur, paraffin and salts content in oils and oil products
   After treating oil, residual fuel and light oil products with TJF complex, viscosity is reduced by 10-30%, sulfur content is reduced by over 20%, paraffin content is reduced by over 30%, content of chlorides and ash contents are also greatly reduced, octane rating of directly distilled gasoline and diesel fractions is increased, clouding point is lowered, etc. All the changes mentioned above increase market price of oil and oil products.
   
   
3. Production of high-quality, ecologically pure fuels accompanied with saving of additives and reduction of production costs
• Effective compounding of stable mixed gasoline (including ethanol alcohol-bearing ones),
• Enhancing of hydrodesulphurization efficiency by preliminary treating of distillates (while producing winter diesel fuel, ultra-pure diesel fuel ULSD by Standard EURO-5 with sulfur levels no more than 10 – 50 ppm, etc.),
• Residual Fuel / Mazut with reduced viscosity and sulfur content.
  
  
4. Production of stable water-fuel emulsions (water-mazut fuel (WMF) with water content of over 30%).
   ENSAT GROUP offers to the market the technology and equipment for producing stable, finely divided water-fuel emulsions that are the most optimal in price terms. While producing, it is possible to use spent oil products and sub-commercial waters contaminated with mazut.
   
   Application of WMFs:
• allows to reduce specific mazut consumption rate by not less than 5-8 %,
• improves technical and economical parameters of boiler performance,
• reduces by 30–90 % emission of hazardous substances contained in combustion products.
  
  
5. More rapid steam heating, dumping, pumping of mazut, heavy oil products (bitumen, oil slimes, etc.) and chemicals (caustic, etc.) from railway tanks, storages, oil storage pits, etc.
   
   
6. Highly effective preparation of multi-component machine oils, greases, special fluids and chemical components (additions).
   Application of TJT technology reduces duration of production process by over 2-3 times. At the same time, product quality is enhanced (for example, stability and fineness of emulsions are increased due to homogenizing of components at 0.3-0.5 Micron level) and production costs are reduced (due to power saving).
   
   
7. Heating and pumping fluids with steam (power-effective steam-water heat exchangers, secondary steam utilizers, automatic thermo-blocks for heating, hot water supply, washing of technological equipment (drilling bits, cages, store-rooms, etc.)

ENSAT Group proposes various forms of cooperation with strategic partners:

• Establishing a joint venture to market TJF equipment and systems and to provide customers with processing services to improve petroleum products quality
• Patent/Licensing agreements on TJF technologies.